Would you believe that Marathas defeated the Mughals through their better economic policies rather than through swords?

Would you believe that Marathas defeated the Mughals through their better economic policies rather than through swords? 

Yeah! that was the beauty of the warfare of the Maratha kings and its army. 

With the help of proper intel from its spies, at accurate timings the Marathas did so many extraordinary things. 

After the death of Chhatrapati Shri Shivaji Maharaj, Mughal emperor Aurangzeb decided to come to Maharashtra himself to crush the Maratha empire with his army of 7 lakh. (According to Alamgir Nama written by a court men of Aurangzeb Shri Ishwar Das). 

This humungous army of 7 lakh didn't come alone. It had their wives,  servants, horses, bullocks, their drivers, elephants, cannon carriers, traders, and what not. It was like an entire city walking from Agra to Maharashtra. 

When Chhatrapati Shri Sambhaji Maharaj got to know about this plan of Aurangzeb, he simply looted Burhanpur, the financial capital of Mughals which was also an bridge between the Mughal territory and the Maratha territory. Here the Mughals also had stored their daily essentials (like food grains and fodder) for their upcoming endeavor to crush the Marathas. 

Shri Sambhaji Maharaj looting Burhanpur gave a major setback to the Mughals even before they could commence their march. As a major chunk of their finances for the next 5-7 years was lost and was into the hands of the enemy Marathas.

This loss of money and food grains drew the Mughals crazy. (Just imagine feeding around 10-15 lakh bellies and not having money).

The Mughals had to raise finances from 14 of their provinces to fund a single campaign. They had to import food from several of their provinces to feed the army and the war cattle. 

After this attack Shri Sambhaji Maharaj made his army choke the entry points of the Mughals soldiers from where the food was imported. The Maratha army would loot the food or in case of need would simply burn this food. And this continued for several years.

Due to this the Mughals were constantly facing a shortage of food. And this led to such a level of inflation in the Mughal camp that the food prices had shot more than 10 times. (Some references also suggest Maratha army selling food to the Mughals.) 

This high inflation completely drained the Mughal treasury leaving the Mughals with very less avenues to experiment on the battlefield or bribe Maratha leaders. 

Also, the psychological pressure due to short on finances (one can imagine). 

This economic warfare tactics of the Marathas was so effective that Aurangzeb despite having an army of 7 lakh, right in the heartland of the Maratha empire could not destroy it even after 27 long years. 

On the contrary the Marathas went on to rule the entirety of India. 

Shobhit Mathur ThinkSchool Ami Ganatra Nikhil More Sushant Gangoli

#warfare #economicpolicy #economiccrisis #economics #marathi #maratha #india #food #money #leaders #finances #beauty #references #like #Shivajimaharaj Mughals maratha matrimony 

Do you know where the oxygen you breathe comes from?

Do you know where the oxygen you breathe comes from? 
If trees come to your mind then you only know the half truth. Let’s understand.

Each adult requires around 11,000 ltrs of air daily (equal to a milk tanker) of which 550 ltrs is oxygen We thus need around 550 ltrs of pure oxygen daily for our survival (This is equivalent to Rs 4500/day). We need 8 to 10 trees to supply oxygen to a single person. (As a single grown tree gives around 50 ltr of oxygen/day). 

(Just look around your house and see if you have this much trees for yourself. Also look if the entire society has enough trees for all its members. If not! do plant atleast for yourself)

The 800 crores+ people of this planet we need around 8,000 crore (8 Billion) trees. And oxygen is needed for more than just human breathing; it's also necessary for combustion propulsion mining melting and the entire #animal race for its survival. Now #humans form only 0.01% of the lands #biomass The animals are 40 times more than humans and #bacteria are 1300 times more than us and all of them need oxygen. 

Now if humans need 80 billion trees then bacteria would require 104 trillion trees.

But! But! But! 

There are only 3 trillion trees on this planet. Hence there are not enough trees on this planet to supply oxygen to us. 

But we do get our daily oxygen. So where does this oxygen come from? It comes from the oceanic trees called #Phytoplankton's which produce 80% of the world's oxygen.

You didn’t knew this right! You don’t know one more thing. 

You are killing these Phytoplankton's from your own house. 

Yes! Every sort of garbage you create ends up in water bodies nearby you, then in rivers and finally lands up in the oceans. 

And the situation is that there is so much plastic in the oceans today that these Phytoplankton's are totally covered by plastic and are dying because of difficulty in breathing and access to sun. 

Imagine having your face covered by around 100 #plastic bags. You won’t be able to breathe and eventually die. Right!  A similar situation is happening in the oceans, and this Phytoplankton's are murdered by our beloved plastic. 

The #environmentalists have warned about the depletion of oxygen in the near future, leading to mass extinction of millions of species. 

It's time for people to reduce plastic usage and support ocean-cleaning efforts to prevent the oxygen crisis from becoming a reality. 

Sahil Aggarwal Arun Pudur Oceana The Ocean Cleanup The Ocean Foundation #ocean #pollution #plasticpollution Project Aware SankalpTaru Foundation Siruthuli Isha Foundation Rishihood University 

Why the stock market flies despite an upcoming recession?

 Big companies like #byjus are firing their employees citing financial concerns but the #stockmarket is still going very smoothly.

In short rich is getting richer and the poor is getting poorer!

Let's understand some aspects behind it.

So, there is a theory called as trickle-down #theory . Which suggests that if the big companies are well off then the poorer section of the society will get better as the Company will pay well its employees who will consume more and will generate more jobs in the ecosystem.

For eg. if a #unacademy employee is getting well paid, he will buy more clothes, watch movies, hang around, will have a maid in her house and a lot of other things to ensure liquidity in the market.

The government which major aim is to secure livelihood of its citizens knows this very well and thus provides various incentives to these big companies. The incentives are like tax cuts, cheap land allocation, reduction in government procedures, etc etc.

A good example for this is that the Gujarat government gave a loan at just 0.1% interest rate to #tata to setup their #nano factory.

But suppose a company is unable to sell its products and predicts a recession then what will it do?

It will simply cut down the production, which will result in laying off of employees. If employees lose their job, they will spend less and thus the overall economy is into shatters. The maid in her house will lose her job, right?

So here the government again comes to the rescue. It will simply provide additional incentives to the company like cutting down its tax and help the company to sustain this bad patch. In return it will motivate the company to retain its employees.

Let's understand this with an example.

Suppose in a normal situation a company earns Rs 100 crores and has to pay 30% tax then it will be left with Rs 70 crores. Out of these Rs 70 crores the company has to pay Rs 10 crores as salary to its employees. Hence, the company is left with Rs 60 crores for itself.

But in case in a financial year the company is unable to sell its products and earns only Rs 80 crores and further expects a recession. Then it will reduce its production and lay off its employees.

To avoid this, the government may provide a tax cut to this company and ask it to pay only 10% for that financial year. After paying this 10% tax, the company will be again left with Rs 70 crores. So, the company is again left with the same amount of money and has no need to lay off its employees.

Hence the company is saved, thousands of jobs are saved and hence the economy is saved.

Easy and wonderful right!

But this is just a theory, but the practical world situation largely differs from this.

Let's see how, when a government provides a tax cut to a company to protect itself and avoid laying off of employees, the company will take the tax benefits and still lay off the employees.

Why? Because it still has to pay Rs 10 crores as salaries to its employees. And it chooses to show larger profits to its investors rather than retaining its employees. This will increase the price of its share and make the #shareholders richer.

On the other hand, the laid off employees are not left with money, and this further passes on to the lower rungs of the society making a chain of financial distress in the society.

You see how the companies fool the government and its employees.

But wait, don't you feel the government is also involved in this? Because if it is providing a tax cut to the company to protect the employees and still the company is laying off the employees then shouldn't it take strict actions against the company? Shouldn't it tax back the tax exemptions or even punish the company with more taxes?

I leave this to you.

#stock #stockmarket #shareholders

ATTAR VS PERFUMES

 Indian customers trust foreign brands so easily that they don't even realize being fooled. Here's one more classic example of the same.

I met a person who is working with a ministry of India and the facts he said about the perfume industry flourishing in India just blew me off.

Before getting to what he said, let's understand what are the types of perfumes.

1) Oil-based (Attar) - These are powerful and long-lasting. (Those who use attar, they know that once we apply it even after multiple washes the fragrance stays)

2) Alcohol-based - These perfumes are made by blending oil with alcohol/ethanol. These are less powerful than oil-based ones and last less. (When applied it usually lasts for a day or two)

3) Water-based - Since oil doesn't mix with water, a very less quantity of perfume oil is mixed with water to make these ones. Hence they are least-lasting and mild.

Talking about price - Alcohol-based are the costlier than Attar (this is an aggregate estimate and we are not speaking about luxury products). Also, Attar lasts longer than alcohol-based ones.

Hence we should be buying oil-based perfumes i.e Attars, but today when we see our perfume shops they mostly have alcohol-based foreign brands. An alcohol-based 100 ml perfume named Armani Prive costs Rs 5000. This bottle would suffice for around 2-3 months. Whereas an Attar bottle of a similar smell would cost you around 1000 Rs and would last for a year. It means an Alcohol-based perfume will cost you Rs 20,000/year but an oil-based will cost mere Rs 1000/year. But we Indian buyers still buy alcohol-based perfumes and waste our money while making foreign companies rich.

When I asked the person I met why is this the case, he simply said," It's just that foreigners play well with our psyche". They package and market well and hence we buy it. And it's also about we Indians trusting our Indians companies less over quality.

Another reason we Indians do not buy Attar is because of a common perception of Attar being used only by Muslims. This is necessarily wrong.

Attar is quite ancient in India; it's more than 60,000 years old. We find mentions of fragrance and perfume in the old Indian epics and Granths. The kings would begin their day with fragrance. According to 'Agni Purana', they would take bath with over 150 varieties of fragrances

Attar is purely an Indian concept, a Hindu concept. It has evolved over years and taken different names but it's intrinsically a Bharatiya thing.

Currently, that Ministry of India is setting up a system to promote traditional oil-based perfumes. It's a whopping $1 Billion market in India then why give it to foreigners? Why not make the Tribals of India rich while enjoying incredible varieties of Indian oil-based perfumes?

I am moved by this scenario and have decided to promote traditional oil-based perfumes (Yes Business). If you wish to join me you are most welcome.

 

Adani grew under Congress rule?

 

1) In 1993, it was Congress who gave land to Adani at 10 paise/sq.m. Again, it was Congress CM Chhabildas Mehta (Gujarat), who gave Mundra port work to Adani group.

 

2) Back in 1990s only 2% of coal import was allowed by the Rajasthan Govt, but the then Chairman of Rajasthan Electricity Board Rk Gupta Ji under the order of then Congress Govt allowed import of up to 25%. Majority of this was imported from Adani Ji.

To your surprise when BJP came to power, RK Gupta was removed after which he joined Adani Power as its MD (for 7 years).

 

3) The current Director in Adani Group RV Shahi was previously the Power Secretary of India (2004) under Congress rule. Need not to say he favored Adani Ji largely.

Congress took $10/ tonne of coal from the Adani's (Of course as bribe).

 

4) Rajasthan Congress Govt gave land to set up power plant in Kawai near Kota

 

5) Congress gave land to Adani to set up power plant in Maharashtra (2007).

 

6) After withdrawal of nuclear deal with the US, Congress Govt gave 16.5% tax exemption to Adani and Reliance power.

 

And numerous more examples are there which prove that it was the Congress which helped Adani Group in its infancy.

 

Also! Those who say Adani Ji's wealth grew too much under Modi Ji's rule.

In 2007, Gautam Adani was listed as 13th richest Indian. By 2011, his rank had reached 7th, with $ 8.2 billion net wealth.

 

In the year 2011, the chairman of the Adani Group was the highest wealth creator in the country, with his wealth doubling to Rs 33,211 crore.

 

One needs to understand that Adani is doing business for last several years. It did not start doing business after Modi Ji came to power.

It was the Congress which has helped these businesses grow in their infancy by giving large favors to them. By large you know, 1000's of crores of loans at dirt cheap rates, tax exemptions and lands at giveaway prices.

 

But does this mean that the BJP did not do this.

No! BJP also did this but there is a major difference in both these Govt's.

Congress's favors benefitted only a select few. It had next to zero impact on the livelihood of the poor.

 

But with the BJP, the favors it had given to the businesses had largely benefitted the general public.

 

Let's understand this by the example given by Modi Ji in the vote of thanks to Hon President's address.

Before 2014, we had to pay Rs 250/ GB of data. And today we pay just Rs 10/GB. Every individual uses 20Gb/month and thus would have had to pay Rs 5000 per month for his net usage.

 

Is this benefitting you or Ambani. Ambani would have been very happy to charge you Rs 250/GB of data. But would you be able to pay Rs 5000/ month for your internet usage?

 

One needs to understand that Govt's will always favor the businesses, but we as voters should support those Govt's who value to our votes by making citizen friendly favors.

 

#adani #news #business #data #india #power #electricity #work #congress #BJP #hindenburg #tax #favors

#adani #news #business #data #india #power #electricity #work #congress #BJP #hindenburg #tax #favors

how Shivaji Maharaj helped Jalgaon become the Banana capital of India

Chhatrapati Shri Shivaji Maharaj helped Jalgaon become the Banana City of India!

Bananas are tropical fruits which love humidity. But Jalgaon is neither a tropical region nor it is humid and is 300 kms away from the coast with a scathingly hot climate receiving only 750 mm of rainfall.

So Jalgaon is an unlikely place to grow Bananas.

But still, it's the seventh largest producer of Bananas in the world!

This success can be attributed to two factors:

1) The historical influence of Chhatrapati Shri Shivaji Maharaj, who encouraged banana plantations as a portable food source for his soldiers

2) The modern adoption of high-density planting and drip irrigation technology.

When the Marathas entered Mughal territory, they found it difficult to find food, as Aurangzeb had ordered the denial of food to Maratha soldiers. To solve this problem, Chhatrapati Shri Shivaji Maharaj (Shivray) asked the Maratha farmers settled in the Jalgaon region to take up banana plantations, as bananas could be taken along for long army campaigns. This was the beginning of banana plantations in Jalgaon, which had an unsuitable climate for banana plantations.

As mentioned earlier, bananas love high humidity and Jalgaon is not the place where you can find humidity. It has dry weather. However, banana growers used their creativity and tried high-density planting in the crop. 

 

To make up for the lack of humidity, the banana growers used high-density planting, where 1200 to 1500 plants per acre were planted instead of the usual 800 to 1000. The high density created a humid microclimate around the bananas, which trapped enough moisture and blocked hot air.

Additionally, drip irrigation was introduced in 1989, which enabled the efficient use of the scarce water resources in the district. This led to a three-fold increase in banana production, from 1.2 million tonnes to 3.4 million tonnes.

 

The banana plantations sustained because Shivray had strict provisions to support these farmers with financial and technological aid. And the aid was continued for half a century thereby establishing Jalgaon for Banana plantations.

In the modern era, the Jalgaonkars seem to be inspired by Shivray and have taken these plantations to world-class levels. Technological inventions like drip irrigation and a shift in plantation style were introduced, which led to an increase in banana production.

All this together created the perfect environment for bananas to thrive.

 

Today, Jalgaon is known as the "land of bananas," with an average yield of 70 tonnes per hectare, which is higher than the global levels. Its success in banana production is a testament to the ingenuity and perseverance of its farmers, who overcame unfavorable conditions to make Jalgaon one of the largest banana producers in the world.

 

And we all know perseverance needs inspiration which was Chhatrapati Shri Shivaji Maharaj!

 

#shivajimaharaj #inspiration #maratha #marathaempire #creativity  #environment #entrepreneur #india

#shivajimaharaj #inspiration #maratha #marathaempire #creativity #environment #entrepreneur #india

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how Shivaji Maharaj helped Jalgaon become the Banana capital of India

The need of voting-How ignorance towards elections by Indian voters is killing India!

 How ignorance towards elections by Indian voters is killing India!

I spoke with an RSS Pracharak about Indian politics, and despite popular belief that the BJP is the political arm of the organization and plays a major role in Indian politics, the Pracharak had a unique perspective.

The Left and the Congress accuse the RSS of playing politics of religious polarisation and hatred. But after listening to the Pracharaks views I totally got humbled.

He said the voting percentage is around 67%. Whereas since the beginning of elections in India it has been around 50% only. This means that half of the population never voted. 

The party which forms the Government has on average only around 30% to 35% of the polled votes. 

This means only ~15 to 20% of the total population decides who rules India for the next five years.

Shockingly, Muslims form 14.2% of the population. Hence, the Muslims and a few dominant Hindu castes can actually decide the PM of India.

The example of Muslims was not given only for the purpose of understanding. But it is the reality. The politicians know very well that only a small portion of the population actually decides the fate of elections. 

So, they only run the appeasement of these select few castes and communities while totally ignoring the others. 

You are very well aware of the Muslim appeasement done by the Congress for all these years after the Independence. 

This had a huge drawback in terms of development. Politicians very well knew that developmental agenda can be overpowered if a few sizeable communities have their vested interests aligned with the political parties.  

To be honest it's not the fault of Congress too. It is playing the game of politics and is doing what suits their interests best. Appeasing a select few castes suits them, so they do it. 

The real question is that how can we overcome this situation? 

As mentioned earlier around 35 to 45% of the population doesn't vote at all. And do you know which population is this? 

It is the rich, elite and educated class. These are the ones who actually have a vision for India but abstain from voting and create a mess around. They look towards elections as the job of the poor and do not participate at all in the elections. 

But they do not understand that they can actually bring change in the society through this small process of voting. By voting and disregarding empty promises, the affluent can help put an end to caste-based appeasement in Indian politics. This will convey a clear message to politicians that a small, privileged group cannot determine the fate of the country.

The RSS Pracharak mentioned that RSS maintains distance from BJP as it is strong enough and doesn't need its help. RSS doesn't want a monopoly in Indian politics and has been focused on increasing voter turnout during elections.

#elections #india #caste #change #development #politics #linkedin #linkedinpost #linkedingrowth

Article sources.....The need of voting

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